The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,
1966, (I.C.C.P.R., 1966):- This International Covenant is one
of the major extensions of the U.N. Charter & the Universal declaration of
human rights 1948 which is obligatory & has legally binding force on
parties or U.N. members respective of it, for the universal respect,
observance, recognition, protection, promotion, preservation and other
connected things of human rights. The International Covenant on Civil and
Political Rights 1966, (I.C.C.P.R., 1966) which was come into force on 23
March, 1976 & the ratification was done by India on 10 April, 1979 &
it’s the First Optional Protocol to
this International Covenant relating to the Civil and Political Rights was
enforced on 23 March, 1976 which was adopted by the U.N. General
Assembly’s resolution
2200 A (21) dated on 16.12.1966 (contained 14 articles) & it’s II-Optional Protocol with regard to Civil and
Political Rights, for the abolition of the death penalty. It was adopted &
declared by U.N. General Assembly’s resolution 44/128 dated on 15.12.1989,(contained 11 articles) and was
entered into force on 11.07.1991.
This
International Covenant has 53 Articles and 06 Parts, for the convenient study
of this covenant; it is being divided into following parts as-
1. The
Preamble
2. The
General provisions (Under Articles- 01 to 03 & 05)
3. The
Rights in connection with Emergency (Under Article- 04)
4. The
Part in respect of Substantive Rights (Under Articles- 06 to 27)
5. The
Provisions in relation to the Enforcement Machinery (Under Articles- 28 to 45)
6.
The Provisions regarding Interpretation
or Saving (Under Articles- 46 to
47)
7.
The Miscellaneous Provisions relating
to Conclusion, Ratification of Accession of the Covenant, amendments & etc.
(Under articles 48 to 53)[1]
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