The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948, (U.D.H.R., 1948):-
This declaration has the preamble & 30 articles. It has
been adopted on 10 December, 1948. It is also one of the major integral parts
of International Bill of Human Rights which includes this declaration and the
two International covenants namely International Covenant on Civil and
Political Rights 1966, International
Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights, 1966, (I.C.E.S.C.R., 1966) and
protocols to the covenants. For the implementation of provisions of human
rights as mentioned in the U.N. Charter respective, the General Assembly of
U.N. furnished the request (s) to the Economic Social Council to make the draft
of the International Bill of Human Rights prepare by the Commission on Human
Rights (Resolution 7(1) of the General
Assembly of the U.N. ). A Drafting committee was constituted for the above
purposes and the first session of it was held from 09 January, 1947 to 25
January, 1947, a preliminary draft was prepared by the Drafting Committee. The
draft was considered by the Commission on Human Rights in the second session
which was held from 02 December, 1947 to 17 December, 1947. The draft of this
declaration was considered in the third session in June 1948 which was finally
adopted on 10 December, 1948[1]
by the U.N. General Assembly by a vote of 48 to nil with 08 abstentions.[2]
“Sir H. Lauterpacht[3]said
this declaration ‘as an historic event of the profound significance and as one
of the greatest achievements of the United Nations.’ J.E.S. Fawcett[4]
explained this U.D.H.R., 1948 ‘…is the mine from which other conventions as
well as national constitutions protecting these rights have been and are being
quarried’.”[5]
[1]
Resolution (217-A) (111) of 10 December, 1948 of the U.N. General Assembly,
[2]Dr. S.K.Kapoor:
Human Rights under International Law and Indian Law: Central Law Agency,
Allahabad: 5th Edition 2011 Page no.28-29,
[3]International Law and Human Rights P.n. 394,
[4]
The Law of Nations (1968) Page no 158,
[5]Dr. S.K.Kapoor:
Human Rights under International Law and Indian Law: Central Law Agency,
Allahabad: 5th Edition 2011 Page no.28-29,
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